the individual accomplished less than they would like to, etc.). We select these measures of daily functioning as they are mentioned as relevant factors for life satisfaction in the literature (e.g., Dixon et al., 2001; Khodabakhsh, 2022; McNamee & Mendolia, 2014; State & Kern, 2017; Wahl et al., 2009). 2.2.3 Descriptives Table 2.1 presents descriptive statistics for all variables. We have approximately 11,600 observations for our skill measures at age 10. The average reading score is 40, and the average math score is 44, though these are not directly comparable due to differing test scales. Life satisfaction is measured multiple times across the life course on a 0–10 scale. At age 29, we have around 11,000 observations, with an average of 7.29, and at age 46, we observe approximately 8,500 observations, averaging 7.35. Life satisfaction is highest at age 34. While raw measures are shown in the table, we use standardized measures throughout the chapter. The descriptives show clear signs of attrition. We address this issue in the robustness section. 23
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