TableC.2: Robustness check. Main results panel VAR(2), estimated by GMM. Independent variable Dependent variable Reading Spelling Math Reading Lag 1 0.240*** 0.036*** 0.063*** (0.007) (0.007) (0.006) Lag 2 0.119*** 0.013** 0.021*** (0.005) (0.005) (0.004) Spelling Lag 1 0.049*** 0.227*** 0.056*** (0.007) (0.007) (0.006) Lag 2 0.015*** 0.083*** 0.007 (0.004) (0.004) (0.004) Math Lag 1 -0.023* 0.073*** 0.337*** (0.010) (0.009) (0.009) Lag 2 -0.029*** 0.016** 0.127*** (0.006) (0.006) (0.005) Note. The number of observations is 121,506. The number of individuals is 17,358. The average number of time periods is 7. Robust standard errors are in parentheses; ***p< .001, **p< .01, *p< .05. 223
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