TableB.2: Student-level representativeness of the estimation sample compared to the full population sample. Estimation sample Full population Obs. Mean (SD) / Perc. Obs. Mean (SD) / Perc. Parental education 31,830 542,972 Low-educated 7.60 8.18 Middle-educated (ref.) 24.93 24.82 High-educated 46.18 43.60 Missing 21.29 23.41 Student characteristics Age 31,830 11.21 (.44) 542,972 11.27 (.51) Sex 31,830 542,972 Male (ref.) 50.41 50.42 Female 49.59 49.58 Migration background 31,830 542,972 Natives (ref.) 73.85 73.82 Western 7.84 7.92 Non-Western 18.31 18.23 Missing 0.01 0.03 Household type 31,830 542,972 Two-parent (ref.) 76.18 74.58 Non-two-parent 23.75 25.18 Missing 0.07 0.24 Family size 31,808 2.35 (.92) 541,690 2.40 (1.02) Note. The full population sample refers to all sixth-grade student administered in 2019, 2020, and 2021. 201
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