Intra-EU Labour Mobility and the Welfare State 89 Δ Old Age Δ Incapacity Δ Family Δ ALMP Δ Unemployment Δ Unemployment rate 0.02 0.01 –0.02 –0.01 0.10*** (0.02) (0.01) (0.01) (0.01) (0.02) Unemploymentt-1 –0.01 –0.02*** 0.00 –0.01*** –0.01 (0.01) (0.01) (0.01) (0.00) (0.01) Δ Old dependency 0.13* ratio (0.08) Old dependency 0.01 ratiot-1 (0.01) Δ Disability rate –0.01 (0.01) Disability ratet-1 –0.02** (0.01) Δ Young dependency 0.03 ratio (0.06) Young dependency –0.02* ratiot-1 (0.01) 2004 expansion 0.03 0.08*** –0.07** –0.02 –0.00 “restrictions lifted” (0.03) (0.02) (0.03) (0.02) (0.03) 2007 expansion 0.03 –0.01 0.04* 0.02 0.11*** “restrictions lifted” (0.05) (0.03) (0.02) (0.03) (0.04) 2013 expansion 0.14** 0.06** –0.03 –0.01 0.02 “restrictions lifted” (0.07) (0.02) (0.03) (0.02) (0.06) Constant 3.37 –3.72 14.23** 19.01*** 21.95*** (5.85) (4.37) (640) (3.06) (8.56) Country fixed effects YES YES YES YES YES N 162 121 162 162 162 adj. R2 0.73 0.73 0.55 0.36 0.77 RMSE 0.19 0.08 0.11 0.08 0.12 Standard errors in parentheses * p < .1, ** p < .05, *** p < .01
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