76 The Urge to Splurge tain item in the moment (impulse buying urge), on the contrary, avoids direct self-presentation statements which, consequently, could lead to more honest answers and thus less bias. However, the sixteen products and experiences that respondents, hypothetically, could buy in Study 2 may not have been appealing enough for any of the respondents to buy on impulse (sustainable products: M = 2.87, SD = 1.41; unsustainable products: M = 2.86, SD = 1.25; sustainable experiences: M = 2.57, SD = 1.37; unsustainable experiences: M = 2.87, SD = 1.43, measured on a 7-point scale). Therefore, we included a different, more complete set of products in Study 3 to measure impulse buying urges. Herewith we increased the chance that respondents find some of the products appealing to buy, increasing the chance of finding significant relationships, if there are any. Furthermore, it is interesting that attention (as a construct of mindfulness) seems to drive the relationship between trait mindfulness and impulse buying trait, while present focus and acceptance seem to drive the relationship between trait mindfulness and impulse buying urge. Study 3 will again exploratively measure the roles of the four dimensions of mindfulness in the studied relationships. Lastly, Study 2 only used a hypothetical situation to measure the urge to buy on impulse (‘If you unexpectedly had some extra money left, what are the chances that you would make the following types of purchases?’). Although vignette-based studies are common in consumer research (e.g. cf. Atzmüller et al., 2010; Moes et al., 2022), internal validity increases when studying impulse purchase behavior. Hence, we additionally measured impulse buying behavior in Study 3. Study 3 Method. Design & Participants. Study 3 was an online experiment where we used a single-factor between-subjects design with ‘state mindfulness’ as the independent variable and ‘impulse buying urge and ‘impulse buying behavior’ as dependent variables (N = 444, Mage = 48.39, SDage = 16.35; 50.5% female, 48.9% male, 0.5% non-binary). Study 3 examines the possible effect of state mindfulness on impulse buying behavior for several products. Additionally, we measured 1) the effect of state mindfulness on impulse buying urges and 2) the relationship between trait mindfulness and impulse buying trait. The required sample size for Study 3 was calculated a priori with G*Power in the F tests family. To calculate the sample size, an expected effect size (f2) of .15 was used since previous research on (trait) mindfulness and impulse buying (urges) found effect sizes of .14 (Dhandra, 2020) to .17 (Vihari et al., 2022). As mindfulness is the only predictor in this experiment, a sample size of a minimum of 89 participants per study was needed according to G*Power. We have met this requirement. Procedure & Pre-tests. In addition to the procedure described in Study 1, participants were exposed to either a 5-minute mindfulness instruction video (state mindfulness condition) or a 3-minute video of chaotic traffic (control condition) prior to completing the survey in Study 3. We conducted a pre-test to check whether the manipulation of
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjY0ODMw