308 Chapter 10 Table 1: Continued. Name (year) Type of study Type of opioid Subject groups Outcome Remarks Benbadis [129] Case report Codeine N=1 Narcolepsy with cataplexy Case report (60 mg codeine): Improved EDS, less disturbed nocturnal sleep, near disappearance of cataplexy. Opioid indication was end-stage renal disease. No information was provided on the duration of use, extent of self-reported improvement and possible effects on other narcolepsy symptoms. Anderson et al [128] Case series Methadone N=4 Narcolepsy with cataplexy Patients 1-4 (5 mg methadone): Self-reported, but not objective, improvement of EDS. Original conference presentation not available, results extracted from Nishino and Mignot (1997). No information was provided on the opioid indication, duration of use, extent of self-reported improvement and possible effects on other narcolepsy symptoms. Wichniak et al [127] Case series Tramadol N=2 Narcolepsy with cataplexy Patient 1 (100 mg tramadol for 2 years): Increase of cataplexy attack frequency to 5-10 per day after discontinuing tramadol (compared to 1-5 attacks per day with tramadol). Patient 2 (100-200 mg tramadol for 1.5 weeks): Full remission of cataplexy attacks (compared to 20-47 attacks per day before tramadol). No opioid indication or possible effects on other narcolepsy symptoms were provided. Tranylcypromine (50 mg per day) was concurrently used in patient 1. Tranylcypromine (60 mg per day) was discontinued in patient 2 just before starting tramadol, initially with a cataplexy frequency increase from 5 to 47 per day.
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjY0ODMw