104 Chapter 4 events significantly differed between groups (Figure 3B). People with narcolepsy type 2 or idiopathic hypersomnia reported a considerably higher absolute prevalence of infections than those with narcolepsy type 1 (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.26 [0.13–0.52], corrected p-value = 0.0020), mainly driven by reports of EBV and other respiratory and non-respiratory infections. Compared to different infection types, flu was relatively more frequent than other infections in people with narcolepsy type 1. Despite infections being more frequently reported in narcolepsy type 2 and idiopathic hypersomnia, onset of the hypersomnolence disorder within one year after the infection had a tendency to be more common in narcolepsy type 1 (odds ratio of onset within one year/onset over one year [95% confidence interval] is 2.7 [0.97– 7.53], corrected p-value = 0.1127). This was mainly driven by people who reported a flu infection that developed narcolepsy type 1 within one year. H1N1 influenza vaccination was significantly more prevalent in people with narcolepsy type 1 (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 8.32 [1.93–35.98], corrected p-value = 0.0048). Figure 3. Prevalences and distribution of immunological events per group. (A) Absolute prevalences of immunological events, split for rapid onset (within one year) and non-rapid onset of the central disorder of hypersomnolence. Significant between-group differences are displayed with corrected p-values. (B) Relative distribution of immunological events per group which is significantly different between groups (p = 0.0193). EBV = Epstein–Barr virus; IH = idiopathic hypersomnia; NT1 = narcolepsy type 1; NT2 = narcolepsy type 2.
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