118 Chapter 5. Deterioration Modelling of Sewer Pipes via Discrete-Time Markov Chains: A Large-Scale Case Study in the Netherlands p1 (t) (a) p2 (t) (b) p1 (t) (c) p1 (t) (d) (e) (f) (g) p2 (t) (h) Figure 5.2: Comparisons between di!erent cohorts and chains, for various degradation states and damage types. Damage codes are infiltration (BBF), surface damage (BAF), and cracks (BAB). Find all the figures at zenodo.org/record/6535854. respectively. These results facilitate cohort comparisons, available on Zenodo†: /comparing_expectations. Comparing Cohorts CMW and CR Figures 5.2(a)-(b) indicate that older concrete pipes (25-75 years) carrying mixed and waste content (Cohort CMW) have a higher probability of reaching severe surface damage levels (BAF) compared to those carrying stormwater (Cohort CR). Similarly, Figure 5.2(e) shows that the expected severity class for Cohort CMW is higher across all PipeAges, with a maximum expected class of k =3 over 125 years.
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