A naturalistic pilot study 45 at which clients had committed themselves to participating, dropout from treatment was highest between modules one and two, which coincided with the transition from the individual format to the group format. With regard to the 41 non-completers, their clinicians reported the following causes of dropout: worsening of psychiatric condition (16), lack of motivation (7), not liking being in a group (5); problems with the time at which the session was held (4), personal reasons such as moving away from the area, language problems, concentration problems or finding IMR too hard to do (7); and unknown (2). After completing IMR, the participants were assessed for the second time. In a deviation from our original protocol, a sudden reduction in the research team meant we could not conduct follow-up measurements of the non-completers. Recruitment The pilot study started at the beginning of 2009. The period for recruiting participants and for baseline measurements lasted from April 2009 to January 2010. The period of second measurements lasted from April 2010 to December 2010. Data collection took place in 2009, 2010 and 2011. Data-analysis took place in 2012, 2014 and 2015. Baseline Data Participants’ characteristics Forty-eight participants in the pilot study (N=81) were men (59%). On average, participants were aged 42. Forty percent lived alone, 39% had attended only lower education, 9% had income from employment, 28% had not been born in the Netherlands, 54% had psychiatric problems that had started over 10 years before, and 56% had been hospitalized at least once. Seventy-three percent had been diagnosed as having a psychotic disorder, 54% had a length of treatment of more than five years, and 20% had previously been hospitalized for longer than one year, see Table 1.
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