57 Results: gait-adaptability training in people with HSP Table 1: Clinical characteristics of participants per group. Gait-adaptability training group Waiting-list control group Number of participants 18 18 Age (years) 47.6 (± 8.8) 50.0 (± 12.7) Sex (women) 14 13 Time since first symptom (years) 15.8 (± 13.5) 17.1 (± 13.9) Falls past year 3 5 Hip flexors MRC 4 [3-5] 4 [4-5] Hip extensors MRC 4 [3-5] 4 [4-5] Hip abductors MRC 5 [2-5] 4 [4-5] Hip adductors MRC 5 [2.5-5] 4 [4-5] MAS 1 [0-2.5] 1 [0-2.5] Knee extensors MRC 4 [4-5] 4 [4-5] MAS 1 [0-3] 0 [0-2.5] Knee flexors MRC 4 [3-5] 4 [3-5] MAS 1.25 [0-3] 1 [0-2.5] Ankle plantarflexors MRC 5 [4-5] 5 [4-5] MAS – knee extended 1.5 [0-3] 1 [0-2.5] MAS – knee flexed 1 [0-3] 1.25 [0-2] Ankle dorsiflexors MRC 5 [3.5-5] 4.5 [3-5] MAS 0 [0-1] 0 [0-0.5] Vibration sense – Malleoli laterales 3.8 [0-8] 5.3 [0-8] Vibration sense – Head of metatarsal I 3.5 [0-8] 5.3 [0-8] Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale (range 0-52) 11.4 (± 5.2) 10.1 (± 3.6) Trunk Control Measurement Scale (range 0-58) 46.3 (± 5.7) 47.6 (± 3.3) Values displayed are means (± standard deviation) or median [range]. MRC scores (0-5), MAS scores (0-5) and vibration sense scores (0-8) are averaged values of the left and right body side. Vibration sense was assessed using a semiquantitative tuning fork (Rydel-Seiffer, Neurologicals Poulsbo, Washington). Time effects Directly following five weeks of gait-adaptability training, the participants of both groups reduced the required time to perform the obstacle subtask [mean difference: -1.3 seconds; 95% CI: -2.1;-0.4; p<0.01] and retained this gain up to the fifteen-week follow-up assessment (Figure 2). Similar results were found for most secondary outcomes, including the MiniBEST, ABC scale, 10mWT (comfortable and fast gait speed), WALT single and double run, levels of daily activity, and average stride length and walking velocity recorded during gait analysis (Table 3). The scores of all assessments for each group separately are included in the supplementary materials – table 4 (gait-adaptability training group) and table 5 (waiting-list control group). 4
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