76 Chapter 3 Table 2. Characterization of the study population for the calendar year of the 17th birthday Female (N=755,078; 49.0%) Male (N=786,132; 51.0%) Migratory background, % (n) a Netherlands 78.7 (594,464) 78.6 (618,230) Turkey 3.5 (26,553) 3.6 (28,193) Morocco 3.2 (23,989) 3.2 (24,919) Suriname 2.7 (19,993) 2.6 (20,451) Dutch Antilles 1.1 (8,285) 1.1 (8,676) Other 10.9 (81,794) 10.8 (85,663) Household income in euros, median (IQR) b 1st quartile 15,358 (12,854 - 17,303) 15,311 (12,837 - 17,290) 2nd quartile 21,963 (20,495 - 23,493) 21,967 (20,511 - 23,500) 3rd quartile 28,028 (26,364 - 29,965) 28,030 (26,349- 29,969) 4th quartile 38,841 (34,784 - 47,239) 38,864 (34,784 - 47,229) Mental health care use, % (n) c Any care 8.8 (49,386) 7.3 (42,909) Specialist care 6.4 (35,950) 6.2 (36,266) Basic care 2.8 (15,955) 1.4 (8,180) Psychotropic medicines use, % (n) 1 drug class 3.4 (25,322) 5.3 (41,658) Antipsychotics 0.3 (1,926) 0.5 (4,075) Anxiolytics 0.6 (4,595) 0.3 (2,601) Antidepressants 1.0 (7,780) 0.4 (3,098) Agents for ADHD * 1.5 (11,021) 4.1 (31,884) 2 + drug classes 0.4 (3,257) 0.6 (4,349) Notes: IQR – interquartile range. a First generation migrants are classified according to their country of birth. Second generation migrants are classified according the country of birth of their mother – if that is the Netherlands the country of birth of the father is considered. b Adjusted by the Consumer Price Index with reference to 2015 (CBS 2020). First quartile corresponds to the lowest income group. c Due to availability of expenditure data from 2009 onwards, the proportion of mental health care users at 17 is measured for birth cohorts 1992-1997, from a population of 561,724 female and 585,768 male individuals. *The complete designation of the class is psychostimulants, agents used for ADHD and nootropics. Mental health care use in the overall population Figure 1 shows the share of annual mental health care use by age in months, separately for low and high deductible years. Trends for adolescents and young adults vary by gender. The proportion of males using mental health services decreases with age before reaching adulthood and plateaus at 19 years old. The proportion of females using of mental health services increases before the transition to adulthood, decreases in the year of the 18th birthday and increases again from 19 onwards. The vertical red lines identify the deductible introduction, with individuals below 216 months being exempt and those from 228 months onwards paying full-year deductibles. For both genders, mental health
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