116 Chapter 5 RESULTS Study population A total of 428 samples of 164 participants were analyzed within this study. Samples were prospectively collected from 54 patients undergoing pelvic surgery at a tertiary oncology center because of a highly suspicious ovarian mass. Twenty-nine women were diagnosed with ovarian cancer and 25 with a benign ovarian mass. For comparison, 110 unpaired samples of healthy age-matched controls were collected. Sample types included clinician-taken cervical scrapes (control n=40, benign n=22, malignant n=24), cervicovaginal self-samples (control n=40, benign n=24, malignant n=28), full void urine (control n=30, benign n=25, malignant n=28), urine supernatant (control n=29, benign n=25, malignant n=29), and urine sediment (control n=30, benign n=25, malignant n=29). Clinical characteristics of study participants are summarized in Table 1. Table 1: Clinical characteristics of study participants. n % Age: median (IQR) Ovarian cancer: 29 (100%) 59 (56 - 67) Histology Serous carcinoma 22 75,9% Low-grade 4 High-grade 18 Clear cell carcinoma, high-grade* 3 10,3% Carcinosarcoma, high-grade 2 6,9% Endometrioid carcinoma, low-grade 1 3,4% Mucinous carcinoma, low-grade 1 3,4% Stage (FIGO 2014) IIB 5 17,2% IIC 1 3,4% IIIA 5 17,2% IIIB 4 13,8% IIIC 12 41,4% IV 2 6,9% Benign ovarian mass: 25 (100%) 62 (54 - 69) Histology Serous cystadeno(fibro)ma 8 32,0% Mucinous cystadenoma 6 24,0% Fibroma 4 16,0% Endometriosis cyst 4 16,0% Mature teratoma 3 12,0%
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