Thesis

148 Chapter 8 17. Habr-Gama A, Perez RO, Nadalin W, et al (2004) Operative versus nonoperative treatment for stage 0 distal rectal cancer following chemoradiation therapy: Long-term results. Ann Surg 240:711–718. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.SLA.0000141194.27992.32 18. Dossa F, Chesney TR, Acuna SA, Baxter NN (2017) A watch-and-wait approach for locally advanced rectal cancer after a clinical complete response following neoadjuvant chemoradiation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2:501–513. https://doi. org/10.1016/S2468-1253(17)30074-2 19. Bach SP, Gilbert A, Brock K, et al (2021) Radical surgery versus organ preservation via shortcourse radiotherapy followed by transanal endoscopic microsurgery for early-stage rectal cancer (TREC): a randomised, open-label feasibility study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 6:92– 105. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30333-2 20. Rullier E, Rouanet P, Tuech JJ, et al (2017) Organ preservation for rectal cancer (GRECCAR 2): a prospective, randomised, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trial. The Lancet 390:469–479. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31056-5 21. Appelt AL, Pløen J, Harling H, et al (2015) High-dose chemoradiotherapy and watchful waiting for distal rectal cancer: a prospective observational study. Lancet Oncol 16:919–927. https:// doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00120-5 22. Maas M, Beets-Tan RGH, Lambregts DMJ, et al (2011) Wait-and-see policy for clinical complete responders after chemoradiation for rectal cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology 29:4633–4640. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2011.37.7176 23. Renehan AG, Malcomson L, Emsley R, et al (2016) Watch-and-wait approach versus surgical resection after chemoradiotherapy for patients with rectal cancer (the OnCoRe project): a propensity-score matched cohort analysis. Lancet Oncol 17:174–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S1470-2045(15)00467-2 24. Maas M, Lambregts DMJ, Nelemans PJ, et al (2015) Assessment of Clinical Complete Response After Chemoradiation for Rectal Cancer with Digital Rectal Examination, Endoscopy, and MRI: Selection for Organ-Saving Treatment. Ann Surg Oncol 22:3873. https://doi.org/10.1245/ S10434-015-4687-9 25. Beets-Tan RGH, Lambregts DMJ, Maas M, et al (2018) Magnetic resonance imaging for clinical management of rectal cancer: Updated recommendations from the 2016 European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR) consensus meeting. Eur Radiol 28:1465– 1475. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-5026-2 26. Brierley J, Gospodarowicz MD, Wittekind CT (2017) TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors International Union Against Cancer. 8th. Oxford, England: Wiley; 2017. Wiley pp57-62 27. Bhoday J, Smith F, Siddiqui MR, et al (2016) Magnetic Resonance Tumor Regression Grade and Residual Mucosal Abnormality as Predictors for Pathological Complete Response in Rectal Cancer Postneoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy. Dis Colon Rectum 59:925–933. https://doi. org/10.1097/DCR.0000000000000667 28. Lee MA, Cho SH, Seo AN, et al (2017) Modified 3-point mri-based tumor regression grade incorporating DWI for locally advanced rectal cancer. American Journal of Roentgenology 209:1247–1255. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.16.17242 29. Lambregts DMJ, Pizzi AD, Lahaye MJ, et al (2018) A pattern-based approach combining tumor morphology on MRI with distinct signal patterns on diffusion-weighted imaging to assess response of rectal tumors after chemoradiotherapy. Dis Colon Rectum 61:328–337. https://doi. org/10.1097/DCR.0000000000000915 30. Santiago I, Barata M, Figueiredo N, et al (2020) The split scar sign as an indicator of sustained complete response after neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer. Eur Radiol 30:224–238. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s00330-019-06348-9 31. Schurink NW, Lambregts DMJ, Beets-Tan RGH (2019) Diffusion-weighted imaging in rectal cancer: current applications and future perspectives. Br J Radiol 92:. https://doi.org/10.1259/ BJR.20180655

RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjY0ODMw