Thesis

12 Chapter 1 References 1. Paty PB, Garcia-Aguilar J (2022) Colorectal cancer. J Surg Oncol 126:881–887. https://doi. org/10.1002/JSO.27079 2. Rawla P, Sunkara T, Barsouk A (2019) Epidemiology of colorectal cancer: incidence, mortality, survival, and risk factors. Gastroenterology Review/Przegląd Gastroenterologiczny 14:89–103. https://doi.org/10.5114/PG.2018.81072 3. Habr-Gama A, Perez RO, Nadalin W, et al (2004) Operative versus nonoperative treatment for stage 0 distal rectal cancer following chemoradiation therapy: long-term results. Ann Surg 240(4):711-718. 4. Appelt AL, Pløen J, Harling H, et al (2015) High-dose chemoradiotherapy and watchful waiting for distal rectal cancer: a prospective observational study. Lancet Oncol 16(8):919– 927. 42. 5. Araujo RO, Valadão M, Borges D, et al (2015) Nonoperative management of rectal cancer after chemoradiation opposed to resection after complete clinical re-sponse. A comparative study. Eur J Surg Oncol 41(11):1456–1463. 6. van der Valk MJM, Hilling DE, Bastiaannet E, et al; IWWD Consortium (2018) Long-term outcomes of clinical complete responders after neo-adjuvant treatment for rectal cancer in the International Watch & Wait Database (IWWD): an international multicentre registry study. Lancet 391(10139):2537–2545 7. Bahadoer RR, Dijkstra EA, van Etten B, et al (2021) Short-course radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy before total mesorectal excision (TME) versus preoperative chemoradiotherapy, TME, and optional adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (RAPIDO): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial [published correction appears in Lancet Oncol. 2021 Feb;22(2):e42]. Lancet Oncol 22(1):29-42. 8. Garcia-Aguilar J, Patil S, Gollub MJ, et al (2022) Organ Preservation in Patients With Rectal Adenocarcinoma Treated With Total Neoadjuvant Therapy. J Clin Oncol.;40(23):2546-2556. doi:10.1200/JCO.22.00032 9. Bach SP; STAR-TREC Collaborative (2022) Can we Save the rectum by watchful waiting or TransAnal surgery following (chemo)Radiotherapy versus Total mesorectal excision for early REctal Cancer (STAR-TREC)? Protocol for the international, multicentre, rolling phase II/III partially randomized patient preference trial evaluating long-course concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus short-course radiotherapy organ preservation approaches. Colorectal Dis 24(5):639651. 10. Gerard JP, Barbet N, Schiappa R, et al (2023) Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with radiation dose escalation with contact x-ray brachytherapy boost or external beam radiotherapy boost for organ preservation in early cT2-cT3 rectal adenocarcinoma (OPERA): a phase 3, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 8(4):356-367. 11. Haak HE, Maas M, Lahaye MJ, et al (2020) Selection of Patients for Organ Preservation After Chemoradiotherapy: MRI Identifies Poor Responders Who Can Go Straight to Surgery. Ann Surg Oncol 27:2732–2739. 12. Beets-Tan RGH, Lambregts DMJ, Maas M, et al (2018) Magnetic resonance imaging for clinical management of rectal cancer: Updated recommendations from the 2016 European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR) consensus meeting. Eur Radiol 28:1465– 1475. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-5026-2 13. Kassam Z, Lang R, Arya S, et al (2022) Update to the structured MRI report for primary staging of rectal cancer Perspective from the SAR Disease Focused Panel on Rectal and Anal Cancer. 47:3364–3374. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-022-03612-3 14. Nougaret S, Rousset P, Gormly K, et al (2022) Structured and shared MRI staging lexicon and report of rectal cancer: A consensus proposal by the French Radiology Group (GRERCAR) and Surgical Group (GRECCAR) for rectal cancer. Diagn Interv Imaging 103:127–141. https://doi. org/10.1016/J.DIII.2021.08.003

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