203 Summary The results of this study showed a partly positive impact of MCD on MCS, but it mainly showed the need to improve this type of research. This can be done by more field tests and validation of the MCSQ. Measuring changes by MCD proved challenging; not only since this study was highly explorative, but also because we faced circumstances that may have made it more difficult to measure impact on staff. E.g., we had to deal with the closure of two prison locations that were part of our research, an experienced high work pressure that created difficult circumstances for the planning of MCD and the research, and overall, MCD and MCS had to relate to the presence and often strong influence of strict protocols and hierarchical structures within DCIA. This study does show some first results of how MCD positively impacts the MCS of professionals, which makes further investments in the implementation and research of MCD worthwhile. Experienced outcomes of MCD Chapter 6 shows experienced outcomes of MCD and reflects on how MCD helped the moral learning process of Dutch prison staff. As explained before, during the teambased series of MCD participants and facilitators filled out evaluation forms directly after sessions (n=871 & n=122, respectively). In addition, the MCD participants also filled in an evaluation questionnaire after the MCD series (n=149). We performed multilevel quantitative analyses and qualitative thematic content analysis. Almost all quantitative results showed positive scores on the outcomes of MCD, e.g., that MCD led to a better understanding of the discussed case. Qualitative results were divided into the following categories of outcomes: scope of influence, case-related actions, communication and dialogue, mutual understanding and team spirit, self-development and empowerment, moral awareness, significance of MCD, and lack of (relevant) outcomes. Participants stated that MCD led to more moral awareness, with a better understanding of challenging situations and colleagues’ perspectives. Staff mentioned that MCD contributes to their awareness of responsibilities and limitations in moral decision-making. Participants indicated they involved others more quickly in complex decision-making. MCD showed to have an empowering effect on staff, as staff reported after MCD to feel encouraged to express their ideas and they stated addressing unacceptable behavior from others sooner than they did before. Prison staff indicated MCD helped them to increase their control and understanding of their emotions and frustrations. Participants mentioned that there was a need for more improvements in integrating new insights fromMCD into their daily practice. Our qualitative results showed that MCD is a valuable instrument when aiming to foster the moral learning of prison staff, but that more attention should be devoted to the organizational learning through MCD. The latter indicates the lessons
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