Prognostic factors of adherence 75 respective effect sizes and can therefore be of help to develop better home-based exercise programs as well in the identification of individuals who may require extra support to benefit from prescribed home-based exercise therapy. Using the framework of WHO's five domains, it was confirmed that patients cannot be held solely responsible for their adherence. Factors external to the patient also play an important role in whether or not they are adherent to home-based exercise. Future programs and support should take this into account. Conclusions Design of prescribed home-based exercise programs for patients with chronic diseases requires an understanding of how characteristics of the patient and their environment impact exercise adherence. In this systematic review and metaanalyses, more precise risk estimates of known prognostic factors for home-based exercise adherence in patients with chronic diseases are provided. Based on the GRADE Framework for prognostic research, more PBC, higher self-efficacy, exercise history, higher education, better physical health, less comorbidities, less depressive symptoms, and less fatigue were the most important factors for predicting exercise adherence. These findings might aid in the development of future home-based exercise programs as well as in the identification of individuals who may require extra support to benefit from prescribed home-based exercise therapy. References 1. European Commission, Chronic diseases; The health challenge of our times. 2014, European Union. 2. Kujala, U.M., Evidence on the effects of exercise therapy in the treatment of chronic disease. Br J Sports Med, 2009. 43: p. 550-555. 3. Jolliffe, J.A., K. Rees, R.S. Taylor, D. Thompson, N. Oldridge, and S. Ebrahimet, Exercise-based rehabilitation for coronary heart disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2001. 1: CD001800. 4. Brody, L.T. and C.M. Hall, Therapeutic exercise: moving toward function. 4th ed. 2018, Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer. 5. Sabaté, E., Adherence to long-term therapies. Evidence for action 2003, Geneva: World Health Organization. 6. Herborg, H., L.S. Haugbolle, L. Sorensen, C. Rossing, and P. Dam, Developing a generic, individualised adherence programme for chronic medication users. Pharm Pract 2008. 6(3): p. 148-157. 7. Blackstock, F.C., R.Z. Wallack, L. Nici, and S.C. Lareau,Why don't our patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease listen to us? the enigma of nonadherence. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 2016. 13(3): p. 317-323.
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