Chapter 4 58 results found are often inconsistent and sometimes contradicting, and quality of the studies is variable [14], leading to a poor understanding of the prognostic factors associated with the construct of adherence [15]. To address this gap in the literature the aim of this systematic review was to identify and grade the quality of the evidence of variables associated with adherence to home-based exercise therapy in patients with chronic diseases. Methods Design Methods comply with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines [16] and with the registered protocol with the PROSPERO registration number CRD42021277003. All stages of the systematic review were conducted by two reviewers independently (ER, AD) using Covidence, a cloud-based systematic review platform. In case of disagreement a consensus meeting was scheduled. If discrepant judgements persisted, the judgement of a third author (EB) was decisive. Exceptions of this procedure are reported separately. Search strategy, data sources and eligibility The search strategy was developed in consultation with an information specialist (K.I. Sijtsma, Groningen University Medical Center). The following databases were searched from inception until August 1th 2022: PubMed, Embase, PsychINFO and CINAHL. The search strategy used for PubMed1 was translated to the remaining 1 PubMed ("Chronic Disease"[Mesh] OR chronic diseas*[tiab] OR "Noncommunicable Diseases"[Mesh] OR Noncommunicable Diseas*[tiab] OR non-communicable diseas*[tiab] OR chronic ill*[tiab] OR chronically ill*[tiab] OR Chronic health condition*[tiab] OR Chronic health issue*[tiab] OR "Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive"[Mesh] OR Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseas*[tiab] OR COPD[tiab] OR "Diabetes Mellitus"[Mesh] OR Diabetes[tiab] OR "Obesity"[Mesh] OR Obes*[tiab] OR "Depression"[Mesh] OR Depress*[tiab] OR "Cardiovascular Diseases"[Mesh] OR Cardiovascular diseas*[tiab] OR "Neoplasms"[Mesh] OR Cancer*[tiab] OR neoplasm*[tiab]) AND ("Exercise Therapy"[Mesh] OR "Physical Therapy Modalities"[Mesh] OR physical activit*[tiab] OR exercis*[tiab] OR physical therap*[tiab]) AND ("Treatment Adherence and Compliance"[Mesh] OR "Patient Compliance"[Mesh] OR Adheren*[tiab] OR Non-adheren*[tiab] OR Complian*[tiab] OR Non-complian*[tiab] OR Self-manag*[tiab]) AND (Barrier*[tiab] OR Facilita*[tiab] OR Enabler*[tiab] OR predict*[tiab]) NOT (("Child"[Mesh] OR "Adolescent"[Mesh] OR "Infant"[Mesh]) NOT "Adult"[Mesh])
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