Chapter 3 38 with arms folded [18]. The FTSST had a high intra-rater reliability [19] and is a practical functional outcome measure for use in clinic and at home [18]. The FTSST was assessed by the physiotherapist during consultation two times, first after signing informed consent, and second after three months of rehabilitation. Home-based adherence form Patients completed a form, four items, to rate the extent they had performed their prescribed exercises the past month [20] using a five-point rating scale (as often as I had to = 1, more than half the number of times = 2, about half the number of times = 3, less than half the numbers of times = 4, not performed = 5). The home-based adherence form was filled out by the patient at home after one, two and three months of rehabilitation. Patients could also indicate whether or not they had experienced a COVID-19 infection or a lung attack in that month. If so, those data were excluded from the psychometric analysis of the RAdMAT-NL. Both COVID-19 infection and lung attack may have caused a patient to be unable to attend their appointments or to perform their exercises; this has a negative effect on RAdMAT-NL scores not due to adherence. Perceived overall adherence Asking a single direct question is a strategy to assess patients’ adherence [17]. With a single question, patients were asked to rate their perceived overall adherence (home-based and clinic-based adherence) considering the extent to which they succeeded to attend appointments, to perform prescribed exercises, and the extent to which they asked questions and gave feedback about their rehabilitation. Patients rated their perceived overall adherence at home after three months of rehabilitation on a five-point rating scale (did not succeed at all = 1, did succeed for less than half = 2, did succeed for about half = 3, did succeed for more than half = 4, totally succeeded = 5). Percentage of attendance at scheduled rehabilitation appointments After three months, the percentage of attendance was calculated for each patient by the number of appointments attended divided by the number of appointments scheduled, multiplied by 100 [2]. Sport Injury Rehabilitation Adherence Scale (SIRAS) The SIRAS rates, on a five-point scale, adherence to clinic-based rehabilitation, using three items on amount of effort taken, on extent of following instructions and advice, and on receptiveness to change in the rehabilitation program [2]. Scores may range between 3 and 15 points (maximal adherence). The SIRAS has a good test–retest reliability (intra-class correlation = 0.77 over one week period), internal consistency (Cronbach’s a = 0.82) and is an unidimensional instrument [12]. The SIRAS was completed by the physiotherapist after three months of rehabilitation independent of the patient, and not in their presence.
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