40 Chapter 2 Study Country Sample (N) Age (range) Males (%) Main diagnostic group (%) Setting Study design Risk of bias Rowe et al. (2007) USA 103 40 (NA) 70 (68%) depressive disorders (47%) outpatient RCT some concerns Sheridan et al. (2015) Ireland 70 51 (NA) 34 (48%) NA, severe mental illness (100%) outpatient RCT high Simpson et al. (2014) UK 23 29 (20-57) 18 (78%) schizophrenia and psychotic spectrum disorders (83%) outpatient RCT high Sledge et al. (2011) USA 74 41 (18-NA) 15 (20%) schizophrenia and psychotic spectrum disorders (100%) outpatient RCT high Stahler et al. (2007) USA 18 32 (NA) 0 (0%) substance use disorders (100%) inpatient RCT high Terzian et al. (2013) Italy 345 33 (18-45) 238 (69%) schizophrenia and psychotic spectrum disorders (100%) outpatient RCT high van Wel et al. (2013) NL 52 23 (NA) 37 (71%) schizophrenia and psychotic spectrum disorders (96%) outpatient QE high Villemoes et al. (2018) Denmark 86 44 (22-70) 34 (40%) NA, severe mental illness (100%) outpatient QE high Watson et al. (2017) UK 39 16 (12-18) 32 (82%) substance use disorders (100%) outpatient RCT some concerns Note: N = mean number of participants. Males = percentage of male participants in the sample. RCT = randomized controlled trial. QE = quasi-experimental design. NA = not available. UK = United Kingdom. USA = United States of America. NL = Netherlands.
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