39 Review of social network intervention studies 2 Study Country Sample (N) Age (range) Males (%) Main diagnostic group (%) Setting Study design Risk of bias Hengartner et al. (2016) UK 151 42 (18-64) 79 (52%) depressive disorders (27%) outpatient RCT high King et al. (2006) USA 145 15 (12-17) 46 (32%) suicidal behavior (100%) inpatient RCT some concerns King et al. (2009, 2019) USA 349 16 (12-17) 101 (29%) depressive disorders (88%) inpatient RCT some concerns Klein et al. (1998) USA 45 40 (26-59) 33 (74%) schizophrenia and psychotic spectrum disorders (100%) outpatient RCT high Leigh et al. (1999) Canada 79 36 (18-NA) 58 (74%) substance use disorders (100%) outpatient RCT high Litt et al. (2007, 2009) USA 120 45 (NA) 10 (58%) substance use disorders (100%) outpatient RCT some concerns Litt et al. (2016) USA 133 46 (18-NA) 88 (66%) substance use disorders (100%) outpatient RCT low Lloyd-Evans et al. (2020) UK 37 43 (NA) 10 (28%) anxiety disorders (43%) outpatient RCT some concerns McCorkle et al. (2008) USA 134 45 (20-70) 25 (19%) NA, severe mental illness (100%) outpatient QE high Pettus-Davis et al. (2011) USA 27 30 (NA) 27 (100%) substance use disorders (88%) outpatient RCT high Priebe et al. (2020) UK 124 42 (18-65) 81 (65%) schizophrenia and psychotic spectrum disorders (100%) outpatient RCT low Ranzenhofer et al. (2020) USA 33 29 (14-45) 1 (2%) eating disorders (100%) outpatient RCT high Rivera et al. (2007) USA 125 38 (NA) 64 (51%) schizophrenia and psychotic spectrum disorders (52%) outpatient RCT some concerns
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