Vascular risk factors for depression and apathy | Part II 88 Multivariate regression analyses Primary analyses The SAS sum score was not significantly associated with smoking, body mass index, blood pressure, ankle brachial index, diabetes mellitus, cardiac disease, or stroke, when age, sex, level of education, psychotropic drug use, physical performance, and residual mood symptoms were corrected for (see Table 2). Sensitivity analyses Furthermore, neither amotivation nor loss of initiative was associated with any of the vascular risk factors, or vascular diseases, in the fully corrected model (see Table 3). We identified no significant interactions between age and the vascular factors under study on their association with the SAS sum score or any of the apathy factors. Moreover, the results were the same when the analyses were repeated in participants aged ≥50 years as well as when repeated in participants aged ≥70 years. Nor did analyzing the association between vascular risk factors and diseases with the SAS sum score or the apathy factors identified, now adjusted for the mood subscale of the IDS or for the IDS sum score, result in any significant association. Other sensitivity analyses (i.e., not replacing missing covariates with their mean) yielded the same results. Table 2. Association of vascular factors with the Starkstein Apathy Scale sum score by multiple regression* Total apathy scale score Vascular risk factors: Beta B (95% C.I.) P-value - Smoking 0.07 0.85 (-0.09-1.80) 0.08 - Body mass index 0.03 0.04 (-0.04-0.12) 0.36 - Systolic blood pressure -0.03 -0.01 (-0.04-0.02) 0.49 - Diastolic blood pressure 0.00 0.00 (-0.05-0.05) 0.99 - Ankle brachial index 0.02 0.86 (-2.25-3.97) 0.59 - Diabetes mellitus 0.04 1.20 (-0.88-3.27) 0.26 Vascular disease: Beta B (95% C.I.) P-value - Cardiac disease 0.03 0.68 (-0.92-2.28) 0.40 - Stroke 0.02 0.63 (-1.75-3.00) 0.61 * All results have been corrected for age, sex, level of education, mood, physical performance, use of antidepressants, antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines Abbreviations: C.I., Confidence Intervals.
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