81 PHASE ANGLE AND LONG-TERM OUTCOME 5 5.1 INTRODUCTION For many decades, clinicians have been in search of relevant markers for outcome of ICU-treatment. For this purpose, scoring systems such as the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) score are commonly used.1,2 However, these scoring systems predominantly predict in-hospital mortality and may be less accurate to acquire a long-term prognosis.3 This illustrates that not only the severity of disease and the extent of organ failure are associated with mortality after ICU-admission.4 Pre-admission characteristics, including nutritional status and physical frailty, also have been linked to the chance of survival and may hold relevant information with respect to meaningful recovery.5,6 Yet, objective assessment of premorbid health status may be challenging. In the acute setting, critical information is often missing and evaluation of nutritional status and frailty can be troublesome. An alternative way to obtain information about a patients underlying physical state is by measuring bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived phase angle.7 Previous studies have linked BIA-derived markers to outcome inmany disease states.8,9 Similarly, in patients admitted to the ICU, an association is found between phase angle and short-term mortality.10-13 Although of relevance, short-term mortality does not reflect the long-lasting impact of critical illness nor the substantial additional mortality within the first year(s). In the present study, we questioned whether BIA-derivedphaseangle isassociatedwith1-yearmortalityafter ICU-admission. 5.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS 5.2.1 Study design This study was a single-centre prospective observational cohort, performed in a 20-bed, closed-format mixed ICU. All patients admitted to the ICU between June 1, 2018 and June 1, 2019 were included, with the exception of patients under the age of 18, patients who stayed less than 6 h in the ICU, and patients who were readmitted. A local medical ethical committee determined this study was eligible to be assessed as a nWMO-research project (Regional Review Committee Patient-related Research, Medical Centre Leeuwarden, nWMO 32, July 12, 2018). This study has been performed in accordance with the ethical standard laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. The need for informed consent was waived under the condition that no extra interventions other than standard care were performed.
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