30 CHAPTER 2 2.3.4 Correlations with recovery Spearman’s rank order correlation was computed in order to assess the correlation of recovery measures with those upon baseline, ICU-discharge and 3-month post-ICU, i.e. reaching the age-adjusted reference value of the PF-domain score at 12-months after ICU-admission (Figure 3). The incidence of medical comorbidities at ICU-admission was weakly negatively correlated with recovery (ρ = -0.27, p < 0.001). Of the measures taken at ICU-discharge, LOS ICU, physical performance (i.e. BIS), and hand grip strength were weakly positively correlated with recovery (ρ = 0.06, p < 0.05, ρ = 0.25, p < 0.001, ρ = 0.29, p < 0.01, respectively). Physical performance and handgrip strength at 3-months after discharge were also weakly positively correlated with recovery (ρ = 0.33, ρ = 0.27, p < 0.001). Additionally, walking distance (6-MWT), mobility (MMI), balance (BBS), and PF-domain score at 3-months after ICU-admission were moderately positively correlated with recovery (ρ = 0.40, ρ = 0.37, ρ = 0.43, ρ = 0.60, p < 0.001, respectively). It is of note that there was no significant correlation of either baseline APACHE III or mobility scores at ICU-discharge with recovery. 2.3.5 Independent risk-factors Finally, the independent predictive value of commonly used baseline characteristics and measures for physical functioning at 3-months after ICU-admission was assessed. A binary logistic regression was performed to ascertain the effects of LOS ICU, the APACHE III score, the incidence of medical comorbidities Figure 3. Pairwise correlations with recovery at 12-months after ICU-admission. Significant correlations visualised in black. Pairwise Correlations Spearman's Rho -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Recovery * Medical comorbidities Recovery * APACHE III Recovery * LOS ICU Recovery * MMI (ICU-discharge) Recovery * BIS (ICU-discharge) Recovery * Handgrip (ICU-discharge) Recovery * Handgrip (3m) Recovery * BIS (3m) Recovery * MMI (3m) Recovery * 6MWT (3m) Recovery * BBS (3m) Recovery * Physical Functioning (3m)
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