Contents Chapter 1 - Ethnicity and membership in Dutch amateur football 9 1.1 Organized sports and ethnicity 9 1.2 Aims and research question 11 1.3 Social and scientific relevance 13 1.4 Methodological approach 14 1.5 Outline of the study 15 Chapter 2 - Ethnic participation in Dutch amateur football clubs 19 2.1 Amateur football: a reflection of society? 19 2.2 Two perspectives on ethnic differences in sports participation 21 2.3 Methodology 26 2.4 Results 29 2.5 Conclusions and discussion 39 Chapter 3 - Do birds of a feather play football together? 49 3.1 Sports clubs: sites for interethnic mixing? 49 3.2 Theoretical assumptions and expectations 51 3.3 Methodology 58 3.4 Results 61 3.5 Conclusions and discussion 69 Chapter 4 - Does ethnic heterogeneity of clubs affect member dropout? 77 4.1 Heterogeneity and tie-dissolution 77 4.2 Three mechanisms that link ethnic heterogeneity to member dropout 78 4.3 Methodology 86 4.4 Results 89 4.5 Conclusions and discussion 95 Chapter 5 - Off to greener pitches? 103 5.1 Exploring the relationship between member transfers and club composition 103 5.2 Competition over members in social space: an ecological model of affiliation 104 5.3 Methodology 109 5.4 Results 110
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