32 Chapter 2 Table 2. Clinical progression in eight ATN biomarker profiles Details clinical progression Cox proportional hazard models N Total progression, n (%) MCI, n AD, n Other dementia, n Progression to dementiaa Progression to MCI or dementiaa A-T-N- 175 9 (5%) 7 0 2b 1 (reference) 1 (reference) A-T-N+ 17 0 (0%) 0 0 0 e e A-T+N- 66 5 (8%) 2 1 2c 3.2 (0.5-19.3) 1.0 (0.3-3.1) A-T+N+ 7 1 (14%) 0 1 0 18.5 (1.6-211.4) 3.6 (0.4-29.7) A+T-N- 28 7 (25%) 4 3 0 9.7 (1.6-59.3) 5.3 (2.0-14.4) A+T-N+ 7 0 (0%) 0 0 0 e e A+T+N- 35 18 (51%) 8 8 2d 20.2 (3.7-110.2) 9.1 (3.6-22.5) A+T+N+ 7 6 (86%) 3 3 0 62.3 (9.5-408.4) 30.9 (9.6-99.3) Abbreviations: AD = Alzheimer’s disease; FTD = frontotemporal dementia; MCI = mild cognitive impairment. a: Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for age, sex and education. Data is presented as Hazard Ratio (HR) (95% CI). b: one participant progressed to possible frontotemporal dementia (FTD), one participant progressed to primary progressive aphasia (PPA) due to FTD c: one participant progressed to FTD, one participant progressed to vascular dementia d: one participant progressed to vascular dementia, one participant progressed to Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) e: did not converge As an additional analysis, we performed Cox analyses based on the three clustered ATN categories, as shown in Supplemental Table e-3 and Figure e-1 (data available from Dryad: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.bg79cnp71). We found that compared to participants with normal AD biomarkers, Alzheimer’s continuum participants had a strongly increased risk of progression to dementia (HR=17, 95% CI 3.6-79). The risk associated with non-AD pathologic change was 3.2 (95% CI 0.6-17.8), but did not reach significance.
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjY0ODMw