156 | Chapter 15 Why sport participation is affected during the transition to adulthood General pattern: Becoming and being a student, professional, partner and parent introduce new roles with a more adult status and demanding responsibilities and activities, resulting in a reconfiguration of resources and associated opportunities and constraints for sport participation. TEMPORAL RESOURCES SOCIAL RESOURCES PHYSICAL/ MENTAL RESOURCES ECONOMICAL RESOURCES Positive (+) and negative (-) patterns regarding changes in resources to participate in sport associated with becoming and being a student, professional, partner and parent. (-) Less leisure time due to the rise of time consuming and obligatory responsibilities/activities. (-) Diminished individual flexibility due to a fixed timing and location of new event-related responsibilities/activities and increased dependency of others, leaving less planning options and a lack of time slots suitable for sport participation. (-) Working irregular hours and the accumulation of life events (thus fulfilling different roles simultaneously) result in additional time restriction. (+) More freedom and flexibility as a student due to increased autonomy when starting a degree and living on your own. (-) Decreased social value of sport due to the perceived importance of living up to prevailing norms and expectations and committing to social responsibilities and activities that are associated with being a good student, professional, partner and parent, which are therefore perceived as more socially rewarding than practising sport. (-) Increased daily physical activity due to a more active living, substituting (or compensating the lack of) sport participation. (-) Being more fatigued and lacking energy due to physical labour, disturbed sleep and/or care tasks. (-) Temporary or chronic physical constraints, particularly for women caused by pregnancy or childbirth. (-) Less financial means as a student, particularly in combination with living on your own. (+) More financial means as a professional, particularly in combination with not having kids. (+) Gaining access to beneficial sport-related arrangements, privileges, discounts and/or allowances as a student and professional. (-) Losing access to beneficial sport-related arrangements, privileges, discounts and/or allowances when life as a student comes to an end. Table 5.1 Conclusions regarding why sport participation during the transition to adulthood is affected by becoming a student, professional, partner and/or parent.
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