44 Chapter 2 Data analysis Baseline characteristics were described using descriptive statistics. For each characteristic, the mean and standard deviation (SD) was calculated for normally distributed variables, otherwise the median and interquartile range (IQR) was determined. In order to make all data comparable, data gathered by a sliding scale (0-100) in the one-time questionnaires was transformed to a 5-point categorical scale. We performed a chi-square test to analyze the frequency of E-diary completions on each weekday. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. All analyses were performed in R version 4.2.1. RESULTS The only validated study found in the literature search, which provided both PPV and NPV for an E-headache diary, was conducted on the E-diary created by the Leiden Headache Group.1 The migraine screening approach consisting of the combination of the E-screening headache questionnaire and the E-diary has a sensitivity of 98%, specificity of 17%, PPV of 84% and NPV of 68% for migraine. The approach including the combination of the E-screening questionnaire, the E-diary and the E-extended migraine questionnaire had a sensitivity of 79%, specificity of 69%, PPV of 92% and NPV of 43% for migraine (eTable 1). Similar screening approaches were used to assess reliability of aura diagnoses. Combining E-screening questionnaire and E-diary resulted in a sensitivity of 60%, specificity of 78%, PPV of 58% and NPV of 80%. Combining it with the E-migraine extensive questionnaire as well led to a sensitivity of 39%, specificity of 98%, PPV of 84% and NPV of 83% (eTable 2). For some other E-diaries the psychometric construct of the diary was assessed (eTable 3).8, 12-14 Study population We identified 1,009 patients with migraine that were followed from April 2022 until March 2023. Patients used the E-diary as embedded in the Patient Journey App (Interactive Studios, Netherlands). A total of 433 patients accessed the app through an Android device (42.9%) and 573 used an Apple device (57.1%). Of these 1,009 patients, 55 (5%) were excluded due to a follow-up time of <2 weeks, leaving a representative group of 954 patients to which a one-time patient satisfaction questionnaire was sent. The response rate for this satisfaction questionnaire was 56% (535/954), resulting in a subgroup of 535 patients. We randomly selected a representative sample of 54 patients who had undergone video consultations at the Leiden Headache Center. Among them, 52 out of 54 patients (96%) completed a satisfaction questionnaire regarding their recent video consultation experience. Baseline characteristics of the (sub)groups are shown in Table 1.
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjY0ODMw