107 Migraine with and without aura in relation to the menstrual cycle 5 tests. All analyses were performed in R version 4.0.5. Two-sided p-values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 526 women (316 diagnosed with MO and 210 with MA) completed the one-time questionnaire en were followed with E-diaries. Most women with MA additionally had migraine attacks without aura (198/210 (94%)), only 12/210 (6%) exclusively suffered from migraine attacks with aura. Compliance to the E-diary was high (median [IQR]: 99% [97; 100]). Median follow-up duration was 150 days [103; 112]. A total of 85,515 diary days from 2,776 menstrual cycles was analyzed. Baseline characteristics of women with MO compared to women with MA are presented in Table 1. Table 1. Patient characteristics for women with MO versus women with MA. MO MA p-value Number of patients 316 210 Age (years) 40.1 ± 8.4 39.3 ± 9.0 0.272 Monthly migraine days 4.9 [3.1; 7.7] 4.8 [2.7; 8.2] 0.678 Monthly headache days 8.1 [5.9; 11.5] 7.5 [5.2; 10.3] 0.068 Monthly acute medication use 5.8 [3.9; 8.3] 5.3 [3.0; 7.5] 0.035 Monthly triptan use 2.4 [0.3; 4.6] 1.3 [0.0; 4.1] 0.006 Monthly analgesics use 3.8 [1.8; 6.3] 4.0 [1.8; 6.4] 0.742 Prophylactic medication use 81 (25.6) 65 (31.0) 0.217 Lifetime depression* 111 (38.4) 88 (43.8) 0.272 Age of migraine onset 18.4 ± 8.8 15.9 ± 7.5 <0.001 Number of menstrual cycles 4.0 [3.0; 5.0] 4.0 [3.0; 5.0] 0.662 Cycle length Natural menstrual cycle Hormonal contraceptives 27.7 [25.8; 30.6] 28.0 [28.0; 30.5] 27.3 [26.0; 29.7] 30.6 [28.0; 38.0] 0.422 0.268 Hormonal contraceptive use 45 (14.2) 29 (13.8) 0.991 Menstrual migraine** 167/282 (59.2) 103/196 (52.6) 0.176 Variables are denoted as absolute number (%), mean ± SD or median [IQR]. A month was defined as a time period of 28 days. *Lifetime depression could be determined in n=289 women with MO and n=201 women with MA. Lifetime depression was defined as a HADS-D ≥8 or CES-D ≥16 or (past) depression diagnosed by a physician or (past) use of antidepressants for depression.28 ** Menstrual migraine was defined as women suffering from a perimenstrual migraine attack in two out of three menstrual cycles, and was determined in n=282 women with MO and n=196 women with MA who were followed during ≥ 3 menstrual cycles.
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