26 | Chapter 2 Figure 2.2. Daily amount of physical activity at least at light-high intensity for participants who did and did not experience a fall, stratified for non-frail (n=215) and frail (n=96) older adults. Model 1 of the unadjusted GEE analyses in Table 2.2 shows no association between physical activity and falls. Model 2 shows an increased fall risk in frail older adults compared to non-frail older adults, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.71 (95% CI: 1.33 – 2.20). The association between frailty and falls is also significant without the interaction term in the model (data not shown). In model 3, no interaction between physical activity and frailty was found, thus frailty appeared not to be an effect modifier in the association between physical activity and falls. Adjustment for age and sex in model 4 had negligible impact on the association between physical activity, frailty and falls (Model 3 versus Model 4, Table 2.2).
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