27 Questionnaires in otology: a systematic mapping review 2 the first search (Search 1) was questionnaire identification. Study input for Search 1 originated from 2 sources. The first source is “records identified through database searching.” A systematic literature search was performed in two bibliographic database sources, PubMed and Embase.com. The queries included indexed terms and free-text words and synonyms, for example “questionnaire,” “earache,” “hearing loss,” or “tinnitus.” The queries excluded “children” and “animal studies” (the complete search queries can be seen in Appendix 2.2 (p.35-36) The second source “records identified through other sources” was added. This could be any other source, e.g., journals not included in PubMed or Embase.com. This also included questionnaires suggested by experts in the field of otology and audiology at Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam who were asked to submit additional questionnaires, when this questionnaire was not found via the systematic search. Search 1 produced a set of records (i.e., study articles) that were screened in order to identify every otology questionnaire. At the end of this stage, the screening of the 2 sources created a list of potentially eligible otology questionnaire names. The identification of corresponding development/ validation articles was not part of this stage of the search. The goal of the second search (Search 2) was to identify a development and/or validation article for all the questionnaires identified in Search 1. Thus, for every questionnaire identified in Search 1, a separate search (Search 2) was performed in the PubMed and/or Embase. com databases. Search 2 started with examining the references corresponding to the questionnaires identified in our primary search. The study title, questionnaire name, questionnaire abbreviations or acronyms, or author name(s) were entered between double quotation marks as search term. This often resulted in iterative reference searching. At the end of Search 2, a development and/or validation article was identified for every included questionnaire. The first systematic search (Search 1) was performed in PubMed and Embase.com on January 1, 2016, by KV and JCFK. Search 2 was performed during the following months of eligibility assessment. The database search was repeated on August 26, 2019. We did not apply any restriction regarding the original publication date, language of publication, or study type of the papers in both searches. In both searches, additional study input could originate from the reference lists of assessed articles, “records identified from references” (Fig. 1). However, reference list checking was not routinely performed on all records. Exclusion of records could take place at every step in the
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