179 Table 1 Group median ± interquartile range for each diagnostic method and statistical group differences. TTT NOAs were used to quantify sensory nerve function. Skin biopsy was used to measure the IENFD. Corneal confocal microscopy was used to measure CNFD, CNBD, CNFL, CNFA and CNWL. Sudoscan measured ESC at the hands and feet. WISW was graded from 0-4 (0 wrinkling absent - 4 wrinkling completely distorts the pulp of the fingertip). TTT NOAs = thermal threshold testing number of abnormalities; est. SFN = established small fiber neuropathy; prob. SFN = probable small fiber neuropathy; HC = healthy controls; IENFD = intraepidermal nerve fiber density; CNFD = cornea nerve fiber density; CNBD = cornea nerve branch density; CNFL = cornea nerve fiber length; CNFA = cornea nerve fiber area; CNWL = cornea nerve whorl length; ESC = electrochemical skin conductance; BP = blood pressure; HR = heart rate; WISW = Water immersion skin wrinkling Healthy Controls n=20 No SFN Symptoms No SFN n=24 SFN Symptoms No SFN n=25 SFN Symptoms Probable SFN n=48 Questionnaire SFNSL Abnormal % (n) 2±7 0 (0) 11±14 0 (0) 37±26 24 (5) 40±16 29 (14) Sensory testing TTT NOAs Abnormal % (n) 0±1 25 (5) 0±1 21 (5) 1±2 32 (8) 2±3 65 (31) Skin biopsy IENFD (no./mm) Abnormal % (n) 3.8±3. 2 0 (0) 3.8±4.9 33 (8) 3.5±3.0 16 (4) 3.7±4.4 13 (6) CCM CNFD (no./mm2) Abnormal % (n) 24.4±10.3 10 (2) 20.0±6.7 13 (3) 22.5±8.1 16 (4) 21.2±12.8 21 (10) CNBD (no./mm2) Abnormal % (n) 22.5±13.6 10 (2) 17.9±8.3 25 (6) 23.7±22.3 28 (7) 23.5±20.3 33 (16) CNFL (mm/mm2) Abnormal % (n) 13.8±4.7 0 (0) 12.6±2.9 17 (4) 13.5±4.8 16 (4) 13.2±6.0 21 (10) CNFA (mm2/mm2) Abnormal % (n) 0.0047±0.0012 5 (1) 0.0047±0.0013 17 (4) 0.0053±0.0018 12 (3) 0.0050±0.0027 17 (8) CNWL (mm/mm2) Abnormal % (n) 14.6±3.7 5 (1) 11.6±6.8 46 (11) 14.4±7.7 28 (7) 13.2±7.1 27 (13) Sudoscan ESC Hands (µS) Abnormal % (n) 67±25 40 (8) 73±9 17 (4) 74±18 12 (3) 67±18 21 (10) ESC Feet (µS) Abnormal % (n) 77±17 30 (6) 68±16 58 (14) 76±14 32 (8) 74±19 46 (22) Skin wrinkling WISW (grade) Abnormal % (n) 3±2 15 (3) 3±3 38 (9) 3±3 32 (8) 3±3 38 (18) BP/HR-Change Δ BP sys. (3-1 min) Abnormal % (n) Δ BP dias. (3-1 min) Abnormal % (n) Δ HR (3-1 min) Abnormal % (n) -2±10 0 (0) -1±4 0 (0) 1±3 0 (0) -1±10 0 (0) 0±8 0 (0) 2±6 0 (0) -2±7 0 (0) -1±6 0 (0) 0±5 0 (0) -1±10 0 (0) -1±7 0 (0) -1±5 0 (0) 187
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